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Relative equilibrium<\/strong><\/p>\n <\/p>\n During the Cold War period, the world order was established beneath the nuclear protection umbrella of the US and Soviet Union.<\/p>\n This setup was possible because of the formation of a relative nuclear equilibrium.<\/p>\n Therefore, the deterrence theory had its own unique value, and hence it made sense that it was developed during this period.<\/p>\n A relatively weak but nuclear-holding force could use the extreme destructive power of nuclear weapons to stop another more powerful adversary.<\/p>\n As long as this particular relatively weak country could survive the first wave of sudden attacks, then it would have its voice in the new international world order system.<\/p>\n This view has prompted more countries to desire possessing nuclear power, and has actually promoted the development of nuclear weapons and nuclear technology.<\/p>\n Since the beginning of the new century, with the development of nuclear technology and the popularisation of nuclear weapons in the world, more and more countries have begun to come into possession of nuclear weapons and this has greatly questioned and challenged the existing value of nuclear deterrent theory.<\/p>\n In 2004, US political science professor Frank Zagare proposed that the theory of nuclear deterrence was logically inconsistent and empirically unreliable.<\/p>\n Geopolitical experts and scholars such as Henry Kissinger, Bill Perry, George Schultz and Sam Nunn also expressed similar views.<\/p>\n They believe that nuclear deterrence is far from making the world a safer place and that nuclear weapons have become an extreme risky element.<\/p>\n In China, having tracked the risk of nuclear warfare, Anbound has warned numerous times that since North Korea\u2019s first nuclear test in 2006, because of the miniaturisation of nuclear weapons, especially the universalisation of nuclear states, the world is facing unprecedented risks of nuclear war.<\/p>\n In other words, Anbound\u2019s main point of view is that the theory of nuclear deterrence is now outdated, and the use of nuclear weapons as a deterrent to prevent the outbreak of nuclear war is actually kind of self-numbing in nature.<\/p>\n As the world enters an era of nuclear confrontation, nuclear strategy is now a norm that is part of the greater scope of military strategy.<\/p>\n Alarming scale<\/strong><\/p>\n <\/p>\n In the current world, the countries with nuclear weapons have developed from the United States and the Soviet Union to the five permanent members of the United Nations.<\/p>\n All of them now have nuclear weapons, and now India, Pakistan, and North Korea have also joined the Nuclear Club.<\/p>\n This does not include Israel that presumably possesses nuclear weapons and South Africa that formerly possessed them.<\/p>\n If we look at the projection power of nuclear weapons, the scale of development is even more alarming.<\/p>\n About 20 countries in the world have various types of ballistic missiles and other projection vehicles. These countries with nuclear weapons have developed from two to five and further expanded to eight.<\/p>\n Moreover, the ideological differences between these countries are very huge and the strategies they have adopted are rather targeted as well. It is therefore unimaginable for these countries to strike a new form of nuclear equilibrium.<\/p>\n Therefore, the emergence of Mutually Assured Destruction (MAD) mechanism is entirely understandable.<\/p>\n This \u201call-in-one\u201d military strategic move is actually a catastrophic scenario should it take place after the disillusionment of nuclear equilibrium.<\/p>\n If the world\u2019s strategic theory of nuclear deterrence is obsolete, what kind of nuclear confrontation model will best take its place then?<\/p>\n The world\u2019s few main forms of potential models of nuclear confrontation can be summed up as follows.<\/p>\n Among these nuclear confrontation models in the world, North Korea\u2019s nuclear provocation model is the most unstable one.<\/p>\n This is mainly because of its concentrated strategic goals and geographical conditions that make it impossible for North Korea to withstand a nuclear strike and launch a revenge nuclear attack afterward.<\/p>\n Obviously, North Korea also understands its limitations in such limited geographical conditions.<\/p>\n Therefore, North Korea\u2019s nuclear strategy tends to be pre-emptive, which is actually the cause of the long-standing denuclearisation disputes on the Korean peninsula.<\/p>\n Objectively speaking, we believe that any solution to the Korean peninsula issue without the goal of denuclearisation of the Korean peninsula is meaningless. It is far less realistic and feasible than maintaining the status quo.<\/p>\n The other great danger of world nuclear confrontation lies in its first application.<\/p>\n Today, it will have been 75 years since humans first launched nuclear weapons.<\/p>\n During this period, the development of nuclear weapons technology has been tremendous.<\/p>\n Greater strategic appeal<\/strong><\/p>\n <\/p>\n The emergence of precision guidance and GPS technology, the continuous development of rocket technology, the miniaturisation of nuclear weapons, multiple independently re-entry vehicle (MIRV) technology and the maturity of \u201cclean\u201d nuclear weapons technology all indicate that the tactical effectiveness of nuclear weapons have great strategic appeal.<\/p>\n Once the door is opened to the tactical use of nuclear weapons, there will be no turning back, and the world will certainly enter into an era of nuclear warfare.<\/p>\n In fact, the greatest danger in this regard would be the oceans. Anbound\u2019s researchers have previously pointed out in research briefs that the world\u2019s oceans have had a huge impact on the current structure of the world economy, but they have now become \u201cnuclear oceans\u201d, with a large number of nuclear weapons and their carriers floating in the ocean.<\/p>\n In addition, an unknown number of nuclear weapons are always in a ready state.<\/p>\n When it comes to the use of tactical nuclear weapons, oceans and navies would be among the first tactical options for countries.<\/p>\n This is undoubtedly a huge and serious area of risk to the globalisation of world markets, world trade and the global order that has so far never been taken seriously in the negotiation of a nuclear deal.<\/p>\n With the change of times, the dated model of nuclear deterrence that relied on \u201cpunishment\u201d and \u201cdenial\u201d simultaneously is disintegrating.<\/p>\n In the era of nuclear confrontation, the future nuclear forces and its related theory will gradually tilt toward the \u201cdenial\u201d approach.<\/p>\n The operational objective of nuclear weapons will be to (quickly) transit from \u201ccounter value\u201d to \u201ccounter force\u201d.<\/p>\n The future of nuclear deterrence will be ever more aggressive.<\/p>\n This also means that the likelihood of nuclear weapons being used will be ever higher and the risk of a real nuclear war taking place in the world will be more shocking and confusing than ever before.<\/p>\n This is not only about the collapse and reconstruction of the global nuclear arms control system.<\/p>\n It is also about world peace and global development.<\/p>\n Founder of Anbound Think Tank in 1993, Chan Kung is now Anbound Chief researcher. He is one of China\u2019s renowned experts in information analysis. Most of his outstanding academic research activities are in economic information analysis, particularly in the area of public policy.<\/em><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":" \u2018Emergence of Mutually Assured Destruction mechanism is understandable\u2019 <\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":3,"featured_media":3595,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_mi_skip_tracking":false,"_monsterinsights_sitenote_active":false,"_monsterinsights_sitenote_note":"","_monsterinsights_sitenote_category":0,"_FSMCFIC_featured_image_caption":"Aerial photo after the second atomic bomb was dropped on Nagasaki, Japan, Aug 9, 1945. AFP","_FSMCFIC_featured_image_nocaption":null,"_FSMCFIC_featured_image_hide":null,"footnotes":""},"categories":[20],"tags":[349],"yoast_head":"\n![\"\"](\"https:\/\/capitalcambodia.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/01\/Hirishima-Obama.jpg\"){kind=spacer}
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